In this study researchers used an electron microscope to take pictures of xylitol’s and grapefruit seed extract’s (GSE) interaction with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. They concluded, "Combination therapy with GSE and xylitol may prevent spread of viral respiratory infections not just for SARS-CoV-2 but also for future H1N1 or other viral epidemics. GSE significantly reduces the viral load while xylitol prevents the virus attachment to the core protein on the cell wall."

Cannon, M. L., et alk., (2020). In Vitro Analysis of the Anti-viral Potential of nasal spray constituents against SARS-CoV-2. BioRxiv.